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Vitrectomy is a surgical procedure undertaken by a specialist where the vitreous humor gelthat fills the eye cavity is removed to provide better access to the retina. This allows for a variety of repairs, including the removal of scar tissue, laser repair of retinal detachments and treatment of macular holes. Once surgery is complete, saline, a gas bubble or silicone oil may be injected into the vitreous gel to help hold the retina in position.

Download Fact SheetSpanish Translation

There are different types of vitrectomies.

Posterior Pars Plana Vitrectomy: The vitreous or vitreous humor is thought to serve as a framework or support for the layers of a newborn’s eye during development. In normal eyes, the vitreous is crystal clear throughout adulthood and fills the eye from the front or anterior (iris-lens) to the back or posterior (optic nerve). This area comprises two-thirds of the volume of the eye and is called vitreous cavity, which along with the retina, the retinal pigment epithelium, choroid, and sclera, make up the posterior segment.

A vitrectomy performed for diseases of the posterior segment is called a posterior or pars plana vitrectomy. This kind of vitrectomy is performed by a retina specialist.

Anterior Vitrectomy: In rare cases, the vitreous gel comes through the pupil into the anterior (front) chamber of the eye. This can happen:

• Following eye trauma (injury)
• During complex cataract, cornea, or glaucoma surgery
• As a result of lens problems

Because leaking vitreous gel can lead to future problems, an anterior vitrectomy may be performed to minimize risk and to promote visual recovery. Almost all ophthalmologists have received eye surgery training in their residency and can perform an anterior vitrectomy.

Facts About Vitrectomy Surgery: The retina surgeon chooses the best equipment to use in each case from a wide variety of vitrectomy instrumentation. Since the first vitrectomies were performed in the 1970s, the trend has been toward smaller and thinner microsurgical equipment.

Many vitrectomy procedures can now be performed with self-sealing, sutureless (no-stitch) incisions approximately one half of a millimeter in size, which is about the width of an eyelash. Although it has some limitations, small-gauge vitrectomy surgery is generally considered more comfortable than surgery with larger instruments and offers faster visual recovery in many cases.

Unless the patient is in poor health or has severe disease, nearly all vitrectomies are outpatient procedures performed either in a hospital or in a dedicated ambulatory surgery center; they involve little or no pain and require only minimal anesthesia.

An IV, EKG, blood pressure, and oxygen sensors are in place to monitor the patient’s vital signs and health. In the operating room, a formal time-out procedure is used as a safety measure. This procedure verifies that the team has the correct patient, procedure to be performed, and eye to be operated on. The information is confirmed by surgical, nursing, and anesthesia staff.

The eye is anesthetized (numbed) so the patient is comfortable during the procedure. IV sedation (commonly called twilight sleep), or in rare cases general anesthesia, may be used for additional relaxation.

The eye is prepared with antiseptic solution and a sterile drape is applied. An eyelid speculum is used to keep the operative eye open. The other eye is covered and protected. Patients generally close their non-operative eye and rest during the surgery.

Typically, the dilated eye is entered through the pars plana, a “safe zone” in the white part of the eye or sclera; hence this procedure is called a pars plana vitrectomy. A surgical microscope with a special lens allows a wide view of the inside of the eye as well as a magnified and detailed view. (Figure 1). The surgeon uses a vitrectomy probe (vitrector) to cut and delicately remove the gel-like vitreous.

Separate openings are used to light the eye and to place various other instruments that assist in surgery. These include:

• A light pipe to illuminate the eye
• Forceps to peel membranes and scar tissue (membrane peeling)
• Silicone-tipped drainage needles to remove fluid from the eye
• A laser probe (endolaser) to seal around retinal tears or treat abnormal blood vessels in the eye

The eye is left filled with sterile saline (salt water) or with a vitreous substitute such as a gas bubble or silicone oil. When a vitreous substitute is used, a period of post-operative positioning (typically face-down) by the patient helps the retina heal.

Complications of surgery are rare, but include infection, bleeding, high or low eye pressure, cataract, retinal detachment, and loss of vision.

Surgical Goals: Vitrectomy or vitreous surgery can treat a number of conditions. Surgery is indicated only when these 4 conditions are met:

• The findings are causing or threatening vision loss
• The severity of the condition or natural history make spontaneous or non-surgical healing unlikely
• The potential benefits outweigh the potential risks of surgery
• The patient understands the risks and benefits of treatment, as well as alternatives

The goals of surgery are:

• To treat the pathology (abnormal condition) causing visual loss
• To reduce the likelihood of recurrence
• To minimize the risk of complications

Very few conditions are cured by vitrectomy alone. Most vitrectomies have at least one additional associated procedure.

For example, a patient with longstanding diabetes develops sudden painless loss of vision that has not gotten better with observation alone. Bleeding in the vitreous, a vitreous hemorrhage, is diagnosed. A pars plana vitrectomy removes the hemorrhage and restores vision.

However, if the cause of the bleeding is not addressed, vitreous hemorrhage is likely to recur. Adding endolaser treatment to the vitrectomy surgery treats both the vitreous hemorrhage and areas of diabetic retinopathy—and the patient is much more likely to have an excellent long-term result.

When is a Vitrectomy Recommended? There are 5 major reasons to perform vitrectomy, or a vitrectomy plus other procedures:

1. Vision-blocking vireous opacity (clouding)
2. Conditions caused by abnormal pulling on the retina
3. Conditions needing retinal or other eye surgery
4. To diagnose a vitreoretinal condition (diagnostic vitrectomy)
5. When placing a therapeutic device or drug delivery

1. Vision-blocking vitreous opacity (clouding): When the vitreous cavity becomes cloudy, patients experience hazy vision. If the haziness is caused by benign (mild) or inactive conditions such as asteroid hyalosis, posterior vitreous detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, vitreous condensation, or old inflammation, a complete pars plana vitrectomy may resolve symptoms and permanently improve vision.

The decision to perform surgery is typically based on the severity of the patient’s symptoms compared to the uncommon but measurable risks of vitrectomy surgery. This indication is the most straightforward of the 5 categories.

2. Conditions caused by abnormal pulling on the retina: Most vitrectomy surgery is performed to address abnormal pulling (traction) by the vitreous on the retina. Vitreoretinal traction is a common causative finding associated with aging, nearsightedness, severe diabetes, severely premature infants, head or eye trauma, following YAG laser capsulotomy, and after complex anterior segment surgery. These conditions may result in:

• Retinal detachment(Figure 3a)
• Epiretinal membrane (Figure 3b)
• Macular hole (Figure 3c)
• Traction retinal detachment (Figure 3d and 3e)
• Proliferative vitreoretinopathy

Treatment consists of vitrectomy to remove vitreous opacities (clouding), separation of the vitreous from the retina, membrane peeling to remove retinal traction, and placement of a gas bubble or laser as needed to prevent recurrence. Removing membranes or scar tissue from the surface of the retina is delicate and exacting work, requiring many techniques in addition to vitrectomy.

Sometimes in eyes with retinal detachment, vitrectomy is combined with scleral buckling, a procedure involving sewing a piece of silicone sponge, rubber, or semi-hard plastic onto the sclera or placing a band encircling the eye to relieve retinal traction. Performing vitrectomy in eyes that are disordered from trauma (Figure 3f) or in severely premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity (Figure 3g) can be very challenging. These are some of the most complex surgical procedures in all of ophthalmology

3. Conditions needing retinal or other eye surgery: As noted previously, the vitreous humor and traction on the retina can cause a wide variety of problems. For this reason, vitrectomy is also performed to prevent complications or to improve the outcome of the primary surgery. For example, during anterior-segment surgery (cataract, glaucoma, cornea, intraocular [in-the-eye] lens), sometimes vitreous comes forward through the pupil and an anterior vitrectomy is performed.

Similarly, when a cataract fragment, intraocular lens, or other foreign body dislocates and falls back into the vitreous, a vitrectomy is performed to fully free the object, which can then be removed or repositioned.

A pars plana seton (valve) inserted into the pars plana to control the intraocular pressure in an eye with glaucoma.

A vitrectomy sometimes is performed as part of placing a pars plana glaucoma implant (see illustration). This device lowers eye pressure by allowing excess fluid to escape the eye. A vitrectomy removes the vitreous that might otherwise plug the drainage tube. In each example, a vitrectomy improves the outcome of the procedure and reduces the likelihood of retinal tear, retinal detachment, macular edema (swelling), and other complications.

4. To diagnose a vitreoretinal condition (diagnostic vitrectomy): This special indication for vitrectomy is employed when removing or sampling the vitreous is needed to help make a diagnosis. A diagnostic vitrectomy is performed in severe eye infections, when the eye is inflamed, and for certain kinds of cancer that can spread to the eye. Examination of the vitreous helps ensure that the most appropriate treatment is being used.

5. When placing a therapeutic device or drug delivery: Vitrectomy is also performed when placing a therapeutic device in the eye. Devices may include extended-drug-delivery devices to deliver steroid or anti-viral drugs, a glaucoma drainage device (Figure 3h), a retinal prosthesis, and gene therapy where the therapeutic products are placed under the retina. New technologies offer the promise of directed treatment to the retina. Vitrectomy may be one way to accomplish this.

Before Surgery (Pre-Op)—What to Expect: Prior to surgery, your doctor will carefully examine your eye and assess your general health. This typically involves a careful slit-lamp, dilated eye exam, and in-office testing such as OCT (ocular coherence tomography), fluorescein angiography, retinal photography, and/or ultrasound.

Other tests may be performed if the surgery is likely to involve the anterior (front) segment, cornea, or lens. If the eye has been damaged by traumatic injury, CT scanning, MRI, and other procedures may be needed to fully understand the extent of the injury. The goal is to stabilize any medical conditions, if possible, before surgery.

Once the retinal or vitreous condition has been identified, you and your retina specialist will make a plan for how to proceed. The risks, benefits, and alternatives (including observation) will be discussed as part of the informed consent. By signing, you give permission to schedule and proceed with the surgery.

It is very important to coordinate other medical activities such as dialysis, home care, and transportation both before and after your surgery date. You should anticipate a return visit on the day after surgery to evaluate your condition.

Typically, patients are asked to be “NPO” (nothing by mouth) 8 hours before surgery. Sometimes you will be told “nothing by mouth after midnight,” but this depends on the start time of surgery. Although your surgery may be later in the day, one reason to adhere to the “nothing by mouth after midnight” guideline is so your surgeon can move your case up in the schedule if there is an unexpected cancellation. Patients are also asked to be NPO so if vomiting occurs, stomach contents are less likely to get into the windpipe and lodge in the lungs.

Your physician and anesthesiology team will advise you whether to continue with medications on the day of surgery. In general, patients taking eye drops may continue even on the day of surgery. However, pills and other oral medications will need specific direction. If medication is critical for the heart, breathing, blood pressure, seizures, or anxiety, these likely will be continued with a teaspoon of water.

In the case of insulin, blood thinners, pacemakers, or other critical devices, each physician and anesthesiology team will inform you of their recommendations. Other pills, such as vitamins, cholesterol-lowering, or birth control pills, can probably wait until after surgery to resume.

It is always advisable to come earlier rather than to be late to surgery. You may have to wait if other surgery cases take longer than expected, but it is better to arrive and rest than to rush and feel anxious. After checking in, you will be assigned an identification (ID) band. It is the first step in making sure you are the right patient, having the right surgery, on the correct eye.

In the pre-operative area, nursing, anesthesia, and surgical staff will again confirm your procedure; they will also ask about your allergies, and confirm that you are in stable health to proceed. Before a marking pen is used to identify the eye to undergo surgery, you will be asked again to verbally confirm that the consent, chart, and scheduled surgery all match your expectation. If you are not sure, say so!

You will be asked to change your clothes and to lie on a stretcher specially designed for eye surgery. Usually IV and EKG patches and an oxygen monitor will be placed to allow the team to give you medication for comfort and to keep track of your vital signs during surgery. Most adults have only minimal sedation to avoid side effects of general anesthesia, and because most patients are more comfortable with light relaxation.

General anesthesia is usually reserved for children and severely injured, potentially unstable, or anxious individuals. Topical (eye drops) and periocular (around the eye) anesthesia are also typically given to make the eye comfortable and the surgery painless.

Before proceeding, your surgeon will lead a final “time-out” to make sure that all personnel agree and that all systems are “go!”

After Surgery (Post-Op)—What to Expect: As noted, most surgery is performed on an outpatient basis. The eye is generally comfortable, patched, and shielded to protect from injury. If a gas bubble or silicone oil has been used to treat the eye, your surgeon will give you instructions on how to do any required positioning (such as face-down), and how long you should continue it.

The gas bubble serves to press the retina back into its normal position and hold it there until the eye heals. Because only light sedation is usually used, patients generally feel well and are ready to leave for home in an hour or less. You will need a driver because hospitals/surgical centers do not feel it is safe for you to drive immediately after surgery.

When you return to the doctor’s office one day after surgery, it is advisable to have a driver to assist until your sight has returned enough to drive yourself. If a gas bubble has been used, air travel, use of nitrous gas anesthesia, and ascending to higher altitudes should be strictly avoided to reduce the risk of elevated eye pressure. Your doctor will give specific instructions on when you may resume these activities.

Maintaining head and eye positioning after a vitrectomy involving a gas bubble or silicon oil is a very important way to contribute to the success of your eye surgery. When traveling as a passenger, you should have your eye or head turned as directed. You should always wear your seat belt when traveling.

On your first post-operative visit, your doctor and her or his staff will review instructions for medications, drops, positioning, use of the eye patch, and general activities. You will also schedule your next follow-up appointment. You should NOT drive until you feel fully safe and capable of operating your vehicle; this can vary from a few days to several weeks following surgery.

Recovery: Surprisingly, a vitrectomy and removal of the vitreous has little effect on the health of the eye. The saline solution or gas bubble is gradually replaced by the eye’s own fluids (the aqueous humor).

If silicone oil is used as a vitreous substitute to help more serious conditions heal, a second procedure may be performed several months after surgery to remove the silicone oil. There may be some temporary swelling of the eyelids, bruising around the eye, and redness following the surgery, but these improve relatively quickly.

A mild sensation as if there is something in your eye is common following surgery, but severe pain is uncommon unless there is unusual inflammation or high eye pressure. Medicated eye drops are very important to help the eye heal.

As with most medical conditions, the healthier the eye is before surgery, the more likely the eye will heal quickly and the vision will improve. Some patients will note a decrease in vision for a few days following the procedure. Others, particularly if a gas bubble or silicone oil is used, may need weeks or even months for the vision to improve.

Safety and Results: Severe complications are rare and anatomic success for vitrectomy is over 90% for many conditions. Advances in instrumentation, techniques, and understanding of diseases of the vitreous and retina have made vitrectomy and retina surgery more successful.

Surgery for diseases that were once incurable, such as macular hole, is now routinely performed with excellent results. The list of indications for vitreous surgery continues to grow. The ability to directly work on or near the retina holds great promise for the future, not only to prevent vision loss, but to restore and enhance our ability to see.

Stargazing - NEW!!!

Explore the night sky with your camera throughout the whole year in locations without light pollution. This tour is for general public, with a qualified photographer guide and field transportation. Locations are Vransko lake with viewpoint Kamenjak, viewpoint Celinka by Drage, Bukovica area, Tulove grede ridge or other locations on the Velebit Mountain, visiting with groups of 2-8 persons.

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Climbing - NEW!!!

Face the nature in a different way - test your climbing skills on a natural rock in St. Anthony channel by Sibenik or the breathtaking Canyon of River Cikola.

Do you know DWS (Deep water solo)? It is rock climbing that begins from the sea and ends with jumping or falling in the sea, without belay or any equipment except the climbing shoes and is perfect for the hot summer days. Enjoy it in Zaton or Rogoznica.

Trips duration is from 4 to 6 hours, and prices vary between 60 and 75 EUR - prices include instructor and sport climbing equipment, introduction to the equipment and the sport climbing technique and insurance. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

National Park Kornati with Nature Park Telascica

Whole-day trips to this world famous archipelago, about 15 NM from Biograd, on ships of various size and capacity. This string of islands, like a string of pearls, include a group of 141 isles, islets and reefs, pure and wild, with a length of 19 NM and surface of 320 km². Take a peek at www.np-kornati.hr and www.pp-telascica.hr.

Bring to life! Boat trips to Telascica bay nature park on boats for up to 70 persons, depending on the weather, are dailystarting at 09:00 from Biograd, from April till October, returning around 18:00. Beside the Telascica bay lies another natural phenomenon of this area, the lake Mir (Peace), filled with sea water, connected with underground caves with the sea. Here you can swim, snorkel and enjoy the unique beauty of this place. The price of this trip is 35-40 EUR per person, with various discounts for children accompanied with parent(s). In this price participants receive the boat trip, guide, the entrance ticket to the national park and lunch, either on the ship or in a simple but very good restaurant on one of the islands.

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National Park Krka

This magnificent karst river springs near Knin and after flowing 72.5 km, drains into the Adriatic Sea at Sibenik. With its seven travertine waterfalls and total drop of 242 m, the Krka River is a natural and karst phenomenon. The living world of Krka National Park is very rich and diverse, with numerous endemic, rare and threatened species. More information on this pearl of nature at www.npkrka.hr. The entrance to this national Park, near the town of Skradin, is just 55 km away from Biograd na moru.

Bring to life! Organized trips to this destination include bus trips and boat trips. Bus trip prices are 60 EUR per person, with various discounts for children accompanied by parents. Busses are of various capacity, some of the trips include visit to Sibenik, some do not, available are guided and self-guided trips, but all include the transportation there and back and the entrance ticket. Basically, it is possible to organize a bus trip for 4 and more persons any day starting from middle of March, till end of October.

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National Park Plitvice

The Plitvice lakes National Park belongs to Dinaric karst area and due to its specific geology, geomorphology and hydrology it truly is one of the most impressive karst entities in the world, and a UNESCO World Heritage site.

The beauty of the nature, fresh mountain air and variety of plant and animal life make this locality irresistible, and it is only on about 150 km from Biograd. Find out more at www.np-plitvicka-jezera.hr.

Bring to life! Organized bus or mini van trips to this famous National Park with a string of sixteen lakes and tarns, of crystal clear blue-green color, spilling into each other in hundreds of cascades and waterfalls, occure according to interest and weather, from the middle of March till the end of October, for a price of 80 EUR per person, with various discounts for children. The trips start at 08:00 and return at 18:00. Available are guided and self-guided tripst, but all include the transportation there and back and the entrance ticket.

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Zrmanja - Canoeing

Drivers Placa De Video

Discover the beauties of nature a bit more actively, by joining one of the canoe safaris down the breathtaking river of Zrmanja. This watersport trips are guided by professionals, and if the water is high enough (mainly in early spring and later autumn) this can turn to a rafting trip. No prior experience is required, children from age 8 can participate accompanied by an adult. The price is from 38 to 51 EUR for adults, while children till the age of 12 enjoy 50% discount.

You need not to bring any special equipment - you will receive a life-jacket, and in case of cold weather appropriate gear. You need to wear clothing according to the weather though, and definitely sensible shoes. The canoes may take up 2-3 persons while the rafts are for 6-8 persons. Trips take place every day in the period from May till October, from 10 am till 3 pm.

More information may be seen here

Quad Off-Road Trips from Biograd

The trips are driven mostly on existing macadam roads, respecting the natural beauty of flora and fauna. During a trip, participants will pass through a variety of natural environment from low-lying vegetation, pine forest, fertile fields, olive groves and dirt macadam paths (which in dry weather are dusty but in certain weather conditions may turn to mud) with stops at the loveliest places and viewpoints. The participant who is driving the quad needs to be at least full 16 years old and have a driving license (category F, A, A1 or B). One quad is for up to 2 persons. The co-driver Children from age of full 12 years and higher may participate, if accompanied by parent/guardian.

SAFARI VRANA LAKE TOUR including Maskovica han, viewpoint Kamenjak – Prosika, ornithological reserve, lasts for 3 hours, the price is 990 kuna (approx. 137 EUR) for the driver, plus 100 kuna (approx 14 EUR) for the co-driver. The tour starts and ends in Biograd.The prices are given for renting a vehicle with the helmet(s) and fuel, guide and entrance ticket to the nature park Vransko Lake.

OFF-ROAD QUAD TOUR 1 hour on the quad with the helmet(s), fuel and guide for 390 kuna (approx 54 EUR) for the driver, plus 100 kuna (approx 14 EUR) for the co-driver

QUAD RENTAL is also possible, but only on-road travel is allowed.

Deposit - Passport and 2000,00 kn (approx 277 EUR) cash or reservation on credit cards - If you have accident you'll pay for repair depending on the damage cost.

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Diving

The diving season in Croatia is from May through November. In our area, the mid Adriatic, visibility is more than 40m, with minimal tides of 0,5m. The wave height runs from 0,5m to 1,5m, with mostly weak currents. Discover our underwater treasures on your diving holiday in Dalmatia - wrecks, caves, reefs, corals and different kind of fish, gorgonias or sponges.

For licensed divers, diving trips to more then 20 different diving sites are offered, all by boat, and all of extraordinary beauty. The sites include the National Park of Kornati, which is an archipelago world-wide known and appreciated as a wonder of nature. The price for a day trip with two dives, on two different locations, is 55 - 61 EUR per person, depending on the season. All gear is available to rent, but not included in the price of the day trip

Introductory program is designed for those who are unsure about taking a full course and would like a taster session beforehand. Detailed information about offers on diving may be seen here.

One Day Sailing

Croatia is truly a sailor's paradise, and the seaside in the Biograd area is no different. The Pasman Channel lies between the island and the mainland. At places it is only 2 km wide, and it is dotted with dozens of tiny islands, which make this an ideal region for all types of water sports, sailing and diving. The sea currents in this area change direction every 6 hours, thus making the waters here among the cleanest in the entire Adriatic. Its submarine life is very rich, with various kinds of shells and fish.

Taste the magic of sailing without the need to charter a boat for a week or to collect the crew. You have the chance to set sail on a one-day adventure of exploring the archipelago in the vicinity of Biograd na Moru. With a skipper, learn the basics of sailing and discover your own favorite hidden beach. No previous sailing experience is required.

The trip goes every day from May till October, on request it can be organized also earlier or later, depending on the weather. All you need to bring with you is a swimsuit, sun hat, sunglasses and a sunscreen lotion. Departure is scheduled for 10 am, and return for 5 pm. The sailing boats are for up to 8 persons, you can book the whole boat or just buy your ticket for a price of around 57 EUR per person, join the trip and make some new friends. Refreshments on the boat (fresh water and fruit juice) are included in the price. Lunch is NOT included. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

'Love Channel' Cruise

From ancient time, the isles of Sv. Katarina, Planac and Cavatul were named respectively as the Isle of Love, the Isle of Tears and the Isle of Adulterers, while the heart shaped sle of Galesnjak was called the Isle of the Enamored. This part of the Pasman channel, which lies between Biograd and the island of Pasman, combinesall thatloveis made of, hence the name 'Love Channel'. The islands and the coastline are spreading the intoxicating scents of Mediterranean aromatic herbs and spices, and the undersea preserves all types of shells and fishes of Croatian Adriatic.

Each Monday in the Summer, if the weather permits, the sailing boat leaves Biograd at 9 am and returns around 7 pm. The price of this one-day cruise is 60 EUR per person. Lunch and drinks are not included in the price, so bring your own, or optionally enjoy a refreshment in a typical Dalmatian restaurant which will also be visited on this cruise. Be sure to bring your beachwear, as there will be swimming! This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Vrgada Family Sailing

Vrgada is a small island on about one hour sailing away from Biograd, with scenic coastline, shady pine forests, and a small fisherman village of the same name. This island was of great importance as a surveillance point of the Adriatic maritime route, with the ruins of the medieval fortress to testify it. It is considered that this fortress was built on Vrgada either in the late fifth or in the early sixth century AD.

Each Tuesday in the Summer, if the weather permits, the sailing boat leaves Biograd at 9 am and returns around 7 pm. The price of this one-day trip is 60 EUR per person. Lunch (or rather an early dinner) is scheduled around 5 pm but not included. Drinks are not included. The sandy beaches on Vrgada are famous, so do not forget your beachwear.

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Sail&Hike

Enjoy the unspoiled beauty and unforgettable views, historical and archaeological sites of the Pasman Island! Pustograd on the island of Pasman is a fort from the 6th Century. It is located on top of the hill overlooking Zaklopica cove. In the times of the Byzantine Empire, it served as a military fortification for overseeing and guarding the Pasman and Zadar channels from pirate attacks. Deep blue sea beneath the island of Gnalic hides 40 meters long sunken ship from the 16th century, its treasure is kept in Museum in Biograd.

Each Wednesday in the Summer, if the weather permits, the sailing boat leaves Biograd at 9 am and returns around 7 pm. The price of this one-day trip is 60 EUR per person. Lunch and drinks are not included in the price, so bring your own. Bring along your beachwear, for the scheduled swimming breaks.

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Sail&Cycle

The island of Pasman is covered with lavish Mediterranean vegetation- pinewoods, vineyard, olive-groves, and also with some aromatic and medicine herbs. Sailing starts at 9 am from Biograd to the island of Pasman, from where the biking trip commeces, to the beautiful Soline bay on Pasman, where there will be a break for lunch and swimming. On this tour you may enjoy in grand panorama of National Park Kornati, neighbouring islands, the Pasman strait, the Biograd town etc. Enjoy the unspoiled beauty, unforgettable sea views, and great historical and archaeological ruins, some of which witness the way of life of the early stone age in this area.

Each Thursday in the Summer, if the weather permits, the sailing boat leaves Biograd at 9 am and returns around 7 pm. The price of this one-day trip is 60 EUR per person. Lunch and drinks are not included in the price, so bring your own. Bring along your beachwear, for the scheduled swimming breaks. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

National Park Paklenica

This exquisite tracking, hiking and climbing zone has more than 20 trails with difficulty levels from basic for average tourists to tracking where mountaineering experience and equipment is required. One biking trail as well.

Bring to life! Various geological phenomena, 700 types of plants from which several endemic and endangered, as well as 400 animal species of which more than 200 bird species make this a particularly interesting spot to visit while in the area. In the meantime, visit www.paklenica.hr

Caving Adventure

The Modric Cave is located next to village with the same name near the National Park Paklenica. The cave was discovered in the '80s of the last century and was closed for visitors until 2004. Even today, the visit to this cave is not a typical tourist visit, since there are no steps, paths or lighting inside. Therefore, it is necessary to wear overalls and a helmet with a carbide lamp, while in the cave. Thus equipped, the expert and reliable mountain and cave guides will take you through the halls, corridors and gaps of the 829 meters long cave filled with cave decorations, stalactites and stalagmites. Constant temperature in the cave is 16 - 17 °C.

This is an experience far from tourism main paths, great for families with children (provided that the children are at least 12 years old) - this small cave is so beautifully decorated that each step is a unique discovery. The cave is not accessible for large groups, ensuring a very personal caving adventure. Prepare to crawl and squeeze your way through the magic of Modric, lit up by the carbide light of your safety helmet!

The price of this exciting adventure is 180 kn per person (25€), and it includes equipment (overalls, helmets, lighting), guiding - mountaineeringandcaving guides and visitor's insurance. The price does not include transfer to the starting point (Rovanjska village, 58km from Biograd) and back, food and beverages. This trip is running all the year round, provided that at least two participants sign up for it - a reservation, at least a few days before the trip itself, is necessary. This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Nature Park Vransko Jezero

This is the largest natural sweetwater lake in Croatia, placed only 7 km away from Biograd. This brackish lake is a nature park and a bird reservation which hosts more than 300 bird species thus making it a perfect destination for any bird watcher. Bikers and trekkers will find tracks around this lake, variously demanding, but always offering a perfect view. Take a better look at www.pp-vransko-jezero.hr.

Village of Vrana, near Biograd, is filled with amazing treasures. The area was inhabited from the earliest days of civilization since it was lying on fertile soil with numerous fresh water springs and it was close to the sea. That was realized by the Romans once they conquered Liburnia in 1st AD. Roman authorities decided to build an aqueduct from Vrana to 41 km away (26 miles) distant Zadar. The aqueduct was starting at two springs nearby the Vrana cave. Even now, the stone pipes, that were later combined with led ones, can still be found under ground. Vrana cave is so nice to visit with kids! Perfectly safe and quite unusual and interesting. It makes a great trip for everyone and especially if combined with rest of the attractions of this amazing area. Because, in Vranayou will find the estate and castle ofthe Knights Templar from the 12th century, with themysticaltales ofhidden treasureaccompanying itto this very day. NearLake Vranaare the remains ofthe cityof Vranafrom the Middle Ages, whichwas first mentionedin the 9th century. Vranawasthe firstVaticanEmbassyin Croatia. Then there is alsoMaskovicahan-Turkishcaravanserai, the westernmostremainingmonument of Turkish architecture. The localboyYusufMaskovicmade itto an Admiral-commander of a fleet of the powerfulOttoman Empire, and in his nativevillage he built thishan.

KNIGHT DAYS IN VRANA every summer this historical spectacle takes place in the village of Vrana, reviving scenes from a bygone age - medieval camp, knight tournaments, old crafts, theater, knight societies from Croatia and abroad, uniforms, military equipment and a rich culinary offer based on medieval recipes. A historical drama brings you back to the time of the great battles and chivalry.

Trip to Vrana Lake Nature Park is in the repertoire of our trips. Three-hour trip with three stations to visit - Ornithological Station, Han and gradina and Kamenjak. The price is 160 kn (22 €). For more informations This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it..

Zadar

Once in Zadar, visit the famous See Organ, and the old town of Zadar, with lots of must-see - the forum, the city gate, the market, the city walls, the square (St Anastasia cathedral, St Donat's church, Our Lady of Health's church, St Dimitri's church, St Elias' Orthodox church, and many others) numerous monuments, museums, and for the ever so necessary breaks - lots of charming cafés.

Bring to life! If you wish to visit Zadar, we have a three-hour trip in a pleasant afternoon with transfer back and forth. We let at your disposal 3 hours of free time and sightseeing. All for the price of 160 kuna (€ 22). For more informations This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.!

More information on www.zadar.hr

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Pasman

Pasman Island belongs to the Zadar's islands group, separated from Zadar and Biograd na moru by the Pasman Channel. It is connected with the Island of Ugljan by a bridge, and with Biograd na moru by a ferry line to the village of Tkon. Do not miss the oportunity to visit the Benedictine monastery of St. Kuzma and Damjan on Cokovac, a hill that rises above Tkon, which was built on the foundations of an Old Christian church from the 12th century, and is open to visitors from 16:00-18:00 every day except on Sundays and holidays.

Cycling track are spread along and a-wide the island.

There are many proofs that this island was inhabited since the prehistory - Illyric towns, remains of fortifications, archeological findings from Roman times, mosaics, the stone statue of St. Mihovil of the 12th century in the village of Nevidjane, the above mentioned Benedictine monastery of St. Kuzma and Damjan, Franciscan monastery of St. Dujam in the village of Kraj, from 1390.. www.pasman.hr .

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